Lucy v. Zehmer Case Brief Essay

I. Statement of the Facts Zehmer owned a Farm that Lucy had made several offers to purchase, all of which Zehmer rejected. Lucy met Zehmer in the latter’s restaurant one evening. After drinking, they had a substantial discussion about the sale of the farm. Lucy made an offer of $50,000. Zehmer drafted up Lucy a contract specifying the land, the amount, title satisfactory to buyer. Lucy took the written agreement and offered $50,000 to Zehmer who refused to abide to the written agreement. Lucy filed a lawsuit against Zehmer to compel him to transfer the title of the farm to him for $50,000. Zehmer supported that the writing was prepared as a bluff, the whole matter was a joke, no binding contract was made, and at the time he made the offer he was â€Å"was as high as Georgia pine†. The trial court ruled in favor of Zehmer. Lucy appealed to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia. II. Issue Does the offer made by Zehmer – supposedly as a joke – constitute a valid contract? III. Rule of Law â€Å"The first requirement for effective offer is a serious intent. Not determined by subjective intentions, beliefs and assumptions of the offeror. Rather it is determined by what a reasonable person in the offeree’s position would conclude that the offreror’s words and actions meant.† Offers made in jest, obvious anger, or undue excitement do not count and the acceptance of them does not create an agreement. IV. Analysis In his defense, Zehmer claimed that the offer to sell his farm to Lucy was made as a joke and at the time he made it they were both drinking and he was not in a state of sobriety. The court judged Zehmer’s argument about his mental state inconsistent due to the fact he was able to provide great detail what was said and done that night in his testimony. The court found that the contract was discussed for forty minutes, rewritten to include Mrs. Zehnmer, and she did sign it. The discussion of what to be included in the sale and the provisions of it made a serious transaction. The delivery of the written contract shows a good faith offer and a good faith acceptance.

The Bank of England and The Chancellor

Never again could the Chancellor conflict with the Bank's recommendation in setting loan fees, as Conservative Chancellors had every so often done (King, 1997). New Labour changed the institutional system in one vital way: it conceded operational control over money related strategy to the recently made Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of the Bank of England. Strategy lucidity was planned to impact expansion desires and it was prosperous in accomplishing falling inflation regardless falling joblessness both when the 1997 election. Moreover, New Labour proceeded with the Conservative approach of declaring an inflation target and publicizing the counsel of the Bank of England on the fitting settings for a financial strategy to accomplish the objective.One may expect that the Labour left would not be so fulfilled this was to be sure an issue, as clarified underneath. As (Burnham 2001) has contended, this institutional change tended to the focal issue of â€Å"Old Labour† which had been caught on two sides, â€Å"unfit to meet the exclusive standards of its conventional supporters and exchange association aggressors or persuade budgetary capital of the fidelity of its financial arrangements†. In the money related markets, the government would just lose on the off chance that it looked to go astray from the Bank's recommendation; alternately, the choice to exchange operational control of loan costs to the Bank secured a prompt vote of certainty from the business sectors.This suggested hitting the expa nsion target called for soundness in yield and work around their ‘characteristic' or â€Å"non-quickening inflation† levels. Allocating an inflation focus to a national bank may give off an impression of being especially in the monetarist custom. While monetarists had favoured a â€Å"decreased frame† record of inflation as dictated by cash supply development, New Keynesians received ‘basic' models in which a money-related boost would go through the genuine economy to influence firms' value setting choices. Inflation is demonstrated as the aftereffect of wage value progression caught by Phillips Curves. A few Labour MPs required the Governor's resignation and trade unions likewise participated in reprimanding the larger part of the MPC for keeping interest costs too high.One choice about the formation of the FSA created debate. In this manner interest rates policy and inflation focusing on turned into the focal means for directing the financial cycle. On the off chance that ‘value strength' implied resource cost and in addition consumer value dependability, at that point the national bank should address obvious disequilibria, for example, house value bubbles. One issue with this approach concerned the development of benefit costs. This emerged from Labour's choice to exchange obligation regarding keeping banking supervision from the Bank of England to the FSA. Not long after Labour came to control, the then Governor inferred that activity misfortunes were an adequate cost to pay for checking house value expansion in the south (Wighton and Tighe, 1998). In any case, this contention can be turned on its head: without information of the condition of the monetary markets, the Bank can't appraise the impact of interests rate change (Goodhart and Schoenmaker, 1995). (Peston 2006) displays the two standard contentions at the time regarding why keeping banking supervision should be exchanged, one in view of specialized viability and the other on bureaucratic governmental issues. Surely the Conservative Chancellor, Nigel Lawson, saw the decision between financial approach focuses on a ‘moment arrange' choice (Oliver and Pemberton 2004), an appraisal resounded by (Hall 1993). The specialized contention is that the Bank's money related approach capacity may clash with monetary strength, if, for instance, an ascent in interest rates required for value dependability would put banks or different organizations in financial trouble. If an economic declined lingered, this implied inflation would decrease and loan fees ought to be sliced to empower the economy; on the other hand, if the economy seemed to be overheating, interest rates would go up.

Caribbean Culture

Caribbean culture is identifiably linked to the approaches to survival taken by her peoples. Discuss this statement critically. Essay 2: The intellectual contribution of the Caribbean. Education has forever been a priority for the Caribbean region. From the mass of the Caribbean population have come some of the world’s best minds, creative intellect and imagination. The common heritage of a history rooted in exploitation and the struggle for freedom and independence have formed the foundation of an extraordinary commitment to education on the part of Caribbean societies over the years. While some may argue that the quality of education in the region is on the decline there is no doubt that Caribbean societies continue to maintain education as one of their highest priorities. Discuss this statement critically. Essay 3: ? Caribbean Integration It will be recalled that the Caribbean islands were among the first areas to be impacted by early globalization, in the form of European maritime expansion. The initial result was the extermination of the majority of the indigenous population. There followed mercantilism, slavery and the plantation system, and centuries of rivalry and wars among the major colonial powers. This left a legacy of political and linguistic fragmentation that constitutes the main obstacle to regional integration. Discuss this statement critically. Caribbean Culture Caribbean culture is identifiably linked to the approaches to survival taken by her peoples. Discuss this statement critically. Essay 2: The intellectual contribution of the Caribbean. Education has forever been a priority for the Caribbean region. From the mass of the Caribbean population have come some of the world’s best minds, creative intellect and imagination. The common heritage of a history rooted in exploitation and the struggle for freedom and independence have formed the foundation of an extraordinary commitment to education on the part of Caribbean societies over the years. While some may argue that the quality of education in the region is on the decline there is no doubt that Caribbean societies continue to maintain education as one of their highest priorities. Discuss this statement critically. Essay 3: ? Caribbean Integration It will be recalled that the Caribbean islands were among the first areas to be impacted by early globalization, in the form of European maritime expansion. The initial result was the extermination of the majority of the indigenous population. There followed mercantilism, slavery and the plantation system, and centuries of rivalry and wars among the major colonial powers. This left a legacy of political and linguistic fragmentation that constitutes the main obstacle to regional integration. Discuss this statement critically.

To what extent does inward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) alleviate Dissertation

To what extent does inward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) alleviate poverty in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) - Findings and Analysis - Dissertation Example The countries with maximum GDP growth have been identified from the literature review. I have picked out six countries that have the highest GDP growth from among the fifty-two countries in the Sub-Saharan region. Existing literature shows that these six countries have made consistent level of economic activities since the 1960s. This has been validated later on in this research with the help of quantitative analysis made on the data collected. GDP growth rates for Angola, Ethiopia and Uganda cannot be evaluated for the years before 1980s due to lack of availability of data. A significant similarity between Angola, Algeria and Cameroon is that GDP growth for these countries has been very low (Algeria) or negative (Angola and Cameroon) in 1992. HDI for Cameroon has been studied only for the years 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010 since data for other years are not available. However, for Egypt, Ethiopia and Uganda the GDP growth in 1992 has been positive. Among these countries, Cameroon shows the lowest level of GDP growth. Figure: GDP growth of Cameroon and its level of Human Development Index Yet, to one’s surprise, it is found that the HDI for the country shot up after 2000 and has remained high since then. In fact the HDI has improved for all these countries in the beginning of the twenty first century. ... These factors also help in correlating the drivers of human development, and thus poverty alleviation in these countries. The data shows that the GDP of Egypt shows declining trend after 1998 and that of Uganda falls consistently after 2006. Although, in Egypt, GDP growth reached a local high in 2007, it has been decreasing consistently since then. Figure: GDP growth of Egypt and Uganda This shows that there are certain factors that have affected the overall productivity in these countries. However, surprisingly level of HDI growth has improved in both countries after 2003. Sufficient information for HDI for both Egypt and Uganda has not been available for the years before 1999. Therefore, HDI in the countries during these years could not be compared. Figure: HDI growth of Egypt and Uganda This is a sharp increase and HDI has remained high since then without fluctuating. This reveals that although GDP is commonly considered the measure of growth, for many developing countries it does not reflect the true level of development of the economy. Hence, human development index should be considered while studying the level of economic development for these countries. In the analysis section, I have studied the level of openness to trade of the countries that display the most contrasting features. The contrasting characteristics of the two countries, Uganda and Cameroon, make it important to make an in depth study of the factors affecting the economic activities of these countries. According to the data, level of economic growth in Algeria, as depicted by the GDP growth of the country, has been high since the beginning of the 1960s. Data for HDI is not available for all consecutive years; information regarding HDI

Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Economics - Assignment Example Merger and Acquisitions includes the target company; this is the company which has attracted attention from the acquiring company. The process of acquisition is sometimes hostile and in other times friendly. Therefore, a hostile takeover is when the board of directors objects to acquisitions of a given company based on their analysis that the process might lead to loss of share value of the shareholders. Moreover, friendly transactions define the acquisition that has been endorsed by the company board of directors as a profitable exercise for the company to engage in (Gaughan 1996). Merger and acquisitions take various forms horizontal merger to the vertical merger and to conglomerate merger. Horizontal merger involves the buyout of the company in the same industry. This is mostly done to a competitor firm that threat to share a large percentage of the bigger company market share and thus reduce their capability of maximizing on profit (Berk &DeMarzo 2011). Therefore, horizontal merger increases the customer base of the acquiring firm and this guarantee that such an adventure will lead to high shareholder value. An example of a horizontal merger is the buyout of Lucasfilm in 2012 by Walt Disney Company. Moreover, the acquiring company engages in vertical merger. This is the acquisition of industries in the same production line ad producer of raw material or customer to the end products. Vertical merger is an essential exercise that ensures that the company controls the supply of its raw material and avoids the disruption that may be compromised by other firms in their pursuit of profit maximization. Vertical integration also serves to ensure that customers are not exploited by other companies that may be involved in the distribution of company products. In this case, the producing company may acquire control over distribution companies to engage with its customers (Standard and Poor’s 2003). In addition, vertical merger is done to unlock

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 33

Assignment - Essay Example American Airlines has started using an efficient Baggage operation system that ensures efficient working of all systems, as well as accurate processing and handling of passengers’ bags. Another way to resolve the issue of mishandled baggage and improve customer loyalty is to do smarter baggage management. Moreover, the airline can also use IBM software solutions to improve its services in baggage handling. IBM solutions include innovative technologies, such as, built on service oriented architecture (SOA), a robust infrastructure, and full track and trace bar code readers that ensure improved safety and security of passengers’ bags. Summing it up, ensuring safety of passengers’ bags is critical for the success of any airline. American Airlines should take the above-mentioned steps immediately in order to improve baggage mishandling issue, as well as to improve the level of customer satisfaction with the

Dental insurance Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Dental insurance - Article Example The core issue discussed relies on the information gathered with reference to the level in which the respondents accept or reject the of the thirty Current dental terminology codes (CDT) (Stafford et.al, 2010). Scholarly research insisted that among all the adults, the privately insured were more likely to have treated carries. This is contrary with reference to the case of the uninsured. Statistically, scholarly information indicates that 68.5% of private insurance and 56.9% had dental insurance. According to the study, above 80 % dental exams acceptance rate was recorded, inclusive of the insured and uninsured. First, the exams taken orally were highly rejected. The results of the study depict that most of the insured persons indicated a high rate of acceptance toward oral prophylaxis procedure (Stafford et.al, 2010). On the other side, the uninsured show less acceptance rate towards treatments. Statistically, the insured show 90% acceptance, against the 74.6 acceptance rate. Overall statistics gathered from the study indicate that 72% of all the patients accepted the treatments. Specifically, 75% of the insured persons accepted treatment. Alternatively, 68% of the uninsured rejected it (Stafford et.al, 2010). However, the results dictate that there is an affirmative correlation between the independent and dependent variable. Ideally, the independent variable is the status of insurance, and the dependent variable is the dental treatment. Stafford,  W.  L., Edenfield,  S.  M., Coulton,  K.  M., & Beiter,  T. (2010). Research Research.  Insurance as a Predictor of Dental Treatment: A Pilot Study in the Savannah, Chatham County Area,  84(1),

The Penalties for Plagiarism Are Too Harsh Essay

The Penalties for Plagiarism Are Too Harsh - Essay Example Plagiarism is in itself not against the law but it is considered as academic dishonesty and is dealt with seriously in almost all collages in the developed world. Copyright violations are the most serious manifestation of plagiarism .It occurs when a work which is restricted by copyright is either used or distributed without the consent of the copyright holder. The most usual punishment handed out to students who are guilt of plagiarism is a score of zero or a failing grade in the assignment concerned. However other punishments are also meted out. This includes suspensions from the course for a stipulated period, expulsion from the college or even in some cases revoking the degree of the student completely or in part. The punishment meted out depends on the history of the student and the degree to which plagiarism has been done. Clearly the punishments stated above can destroy the whole academic career of the student. A failing grade in the final exam can be as good as revoking the d egree of the student. These punishments grow harsher as the student goes in to higher learning institutes. The first factor against the punishments for plagiarism is that they are arbitrary and do not follow any fixed pattern. Students are completely at the mercy of the teacher concerned. Imagine a rule of law in which your punishment simply depends on the judge concerned and follows no fixed rules. Someone may get with murder while other person may be hanged for a simple robbery. A plagiarism tariff has been devised in UK to bring about some standardization in punishments and remove the inconsistencies .This plagiarism tariff uses a sliding scale which takes into account the amount of plagiarism , history of student , level of study and value of assignment in order to decide punishment (Grove). However a study conducted by Jon Scott and Jo Badge which investigated the use of this tariff found it to be inconsistent, arbitrary and treats all cases in a similar manner (Badge and Jon). Treating all cases alike is another problem with plagiarism punishments. It doesn’t matter whether a single line or an entire work was copied; everyone is given the same punishment. This creates a sense of fear among the students. Lack of knowledge of law is not a reason for not following it. The same goes for plagiarism. Colleges are supposed to be learning institutes but they prefer to treat students as criminals. Innocent cases for plagiarism where the student was not even aware that he had plagiarized are treated in the same way repeat offenders are treated. American colleges are full of diversity with students coming from different parts of the world. Plagiarism is not taken seriously in developing countries. These students usually face a rude shock when they are suspended or failed for plagiarism which they committed unintentionally (Palmer). Students are not only penalized for plagiarizing published work, but they are also punished for what is known as collusion. Coll usion means students discussing an individual assignment and presenting the same ideas in their papers (Pecorari). Collusion as an offense is not only ridiculous but even discourages learning. If every student was to learn on his own, there would be no use of regular colleges. Everyone can learn through correspondence. In a college, students not only learn by attending lectures but learning by discussion among each other

Leadership Presentations Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Leadership Presentations - Coursework Example The leader did not deliver his arguments in a comprehensible manner, and he did not use visual aid (images, PowerPoint, and video) to present his ideas. This omission led to a dull presentation with poor audience engagement. In order to develop a fruitful and entertaining presentation, I would embrace elements of proper communication skills as well as presentation considerations as discussed below. Conducting proper research for getting better understanding of my subject matter is a primary consideration. This factor involves carrying out research on the issue at hand to get familiar with facts, as well as limitations. The study builds on confidence and is important in designing presentations (Eggleston, 2015). Drawing knowledge of my audience so as to know how to tailor my presentation and make adjustments where necessary to yield maximum engagement of my audience. This knowledge will help me in delivering a speech that is relevant and concise to the target audience (Eggleston, 2015). Understanding and acting on personal limits. To make a presentation engaging, I will offer all I can rather than trying what is beyond my capacity. It is considered annoying to the audience if inappropriate jokes make part of my presentation. Lastly, it is wise to prepare presentation notes such as speech script with brief and proper introduction to set the stage and engage the audience. An elaborate body and a simple reinstatement summary are essential requirements for an effective leadership presentation (Eggleston,

MOVE Philadelphia Bombing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

MOVE Philadelphia Bombing - Research Paper Example in the world, and the means through which these are reported, ultimately have a profound and lasting impact with regards to the awareness of society, understanding of class, differentiation of race, and ultimate understanding of self worth. As such, the impact that the news media has with regards to helping an individual understand each of these complex interpersonal and societal dynamics is profound. Due to the unique history that the United States has thus far exhibited, a unique current of racial tension and undercurrent of strife exists at almost every level of society. This is partly due to the fact that racial perceptions of African-Americans and black activism’s are inherently stronger as compared to those that exist within white communities and individuals. The MOVE bombing in Philadelphia shows the disparity in treatment of black activists, both for their tactics and the representation. In the aftermath of the MOVE bombing, those responsible downplay the racial undert ones of the decision to bomb the activist; however, scholars and researchers note the fact that even when political projects, â€Å"Overtly claim to hold colorblind views, (they) covertly manipulate racial fears in order to achieve political gains†. (Omni & Winant 58). . As a means of understanding the way in which media and society effectively redefined a particular issue as a means of making it more palatable, this particular analysis will focus upon the 1970s and 1980s with respect to activism, black militant activism, and the microcosm of understanding is that the MOVE bombing of Philadelphia can help the reader to achieve. It is the further hope of this author that such a level of understanding will be useful with regards to not only understanding the unique dynamics of societal and racial tensions that helps to define the era in question, it is also the hope of this author that the MOVE bombing will help to shed a level of light and understanding with regards to the way in which

Culture and Language in Society Essay Example for Free

Culture and Language in Society Essay In a world that is rapidly moving toward a predominantly technological and uniformed system, language and culture are becoming increasingly crucial to defining an individual. For many people, culture still completely dictates their way of life, as is evident in many religions, such as Hinduism, where the line between religious traditions and everyday life is blurred. Just as Henry Trueba can be quoted in Afforming Diversity, Whatever knowledge we acquire, it is always acquired through language and culture, two interlocked symbolic systems considered essential for human interaction and survival. Culture and language are so intricately intertwined that even trained scholars find it impossible to decide where language ends and begins, or which one of the two impacts the other the most (189). Without language, culture would be, as Trueba stated, virtually non-existent, as certain emotions can only be conveyed in certain languages. The same holds true for language, as it is often impossible to translate texts while retaining the same literary and emotional connotations the original version contained because certain words only exist in those languages. Moreover, language, especially in literature, leaves much up to interpretation, and translations often omit any ambiguity that the author may have originally intended. When searching for English versions of Fyodor Dostoyevskys Crime and Punishment, several versions are available, each translated by different individuals. In each of these books, differences can be observed in the way the plot is described, though they seldom make any difference in the larger scheme. Even the spelling differs (e. g. Dunya and Dounia) simply because of the way the translator thought the word sounded phonetically. By the same token, reading a Tang dynasty poem in Chinese differs greatly from the English translation. Though the English version manages to retain most of the poets original message, it lacks the fluidity and the poetic essence that can be found in the same poem in Chinese. As with all subjective issues, language is subject to interpretation, and to take away a literary works original language is to deduct from the piece as a whole. Knowledge, however, is not, as Trueba described, acquired solely through culture and language. It is not necessary for language to exist in order for us to know that fire is hot, or that water is wet. Though we may not be able to place these feelings with these specific words, we know that they exist because our sense of touch tells us so. If I chose to call fire water, the flames would still burn my hand when I touched it even if I had attributed a word that would normally extinguish the flames to it. By doing so, I have not changed the entity I have renamed, but have simply categorized it under a different label. A baby does not need to know the meaning of the word hot in order to know that a burning stove is extremely warm to the touch, or the meaning of the word light in order to know that it is brighter in the day than it is at not. After all, a rose by any other name would be just as sweet (Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet). Ever since ancient days, culture and language have played integral roles in defining an individual and dictating ones everyday life. The morals that we live by are directly related to our cultural values, which are evident in ancient texts, such as the Koran, Bible and Torah. These books, however, have been translated so many times that their meaning has no doubt been at least slightly changed. In the Jewish culture, the Torah must be recited in Hebrew, the original language of the Jews. In this instance, Hebrew is much more than just a language; it also symbolizes the religious beliefs and customs of the Jewish people, and in this way, much of their traditional culture can be retained. Likewise, Catholics conduct Mass in Latin (though it is not as common anymore) and like in Judaism, much of the culture is maintained that way as well. Language leads directly to culture and culture to language in a cyclical process so that the boundaries between the two become virtually nonexistent. By the same token, language (be it English, Russian, Greek or Japanese) would differ greatly from what we know today if culture were to cease to exist. Much of culture as we know it would be lost without language, as it would be next to impossible to carry on cultural traditions from generation to generation without a means of communication. Much of the vocabulary accumulated in languages is a direct result of cultural practices, traditions and innovations. Each time a new revolution in society or technology takes place, a string of new words is developed. It is estimated that a few dozen new words are added to the English language alone each year. 1 Common words such as television, Internet, and telephone would have meant nothing two short centuries ago. The word silhouette only came into existence after the French Minister of Finance under Louis XV, Etienne de Silhouette, began decorating his office with cheap, black paper cutouts. Back then, the word was associated with stinginess, as the people felt oppressed by the strict financial measures he set on the French in order to replenish the treasury, which had suffered as a result of wars with Britain and Prussia. 2 Today, however, the word is often used to described stylish, chic products, and can be found on cars like the Oldsmobile Silhouette, and shoes, such as Silhouette, a Dutch shoe store. As culture develops, language, too, must evolve to accommodate the new changes as people feel the need to identify objects and feelings with words. A persons way of utilizing language can also tell a lot about his/her cultural background. For someone raised in a normal urban environment, the word Negro will have a very meaning as opposed to the individual who had grown up in the Ku Klux Klan. For the urban New Yorker, Negro would be a derogatory and offensive term that should never be used. For the Klan member, however, the term would equate to ignorant and degraded and altogether sold to the devil. Likewise, the word woman could be considered a derogatory insult depending on the context it is used in. For many women in this modern era, if a man were to say Hey woman, get over here and help me with this, it would warrant the man getting a slap across the face, because it not only is insulting, but also reminds women of the days when they were considered inferior to men. This attitude exists particularly in Western culture where women are considered equal to men (even still, discrepancies exist, particularly in positions of power and politics). In many Islamic countries, however, this kind of deprecating behavior towards women is acceptable to the point that a woman basically becomes her husbands property. Calling someone hey woman would certainly not be regarded as derogatory or insulting by the majority of the people in these countries (e. g. Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan). For the women there, such behavior is acceptable because it is tolerated within their culture. The word itself is simply another label that describes who they are. In a culture that believes that women are inferior to men, sexism towards women in language would be common. Three centuries ago, the same attitude would hold true in Western civilizations as few women could hope to rise above the system and hold a position other than that of a housewife. It had been a belief that too much learning for women would result in evil. Thus, women often obtained an education only to the third grade level. Since society had deemed this acceptable and even necessary back then, calling someone woman would not be as offensive as it would be today. Though the word has remained unchanged, the connotation it carries differs greatly as a result in cultural changes. The number of languages one knows also reflects on the level of cultural awareness one has. The more languages one knows, the more likely it is he/she will have a deeper sense of the various cultures that exist in the world. Being bilingual in Chinese and English, I am able to understand Chinese culture better than someone who does not know the language because my view of the Chinese culture and traditions is subject only to my own interpretation, rather than that of a tour guide, publisher, author or another individual. As stated previously, it is impossible to translate everything word for word and thus certain phrases can only be communicated effectively in the original language, yet such expressions are often imperative to further understand a culture. For example, the words Long live the people of the world appear on the Tiananmen gate in Beijing. To translate it literally, however, the same phrase would be May the people of the world live for 10,000 years. Though the general meaning is the same, slight differences still exist. Language and culture are inextricably linked in defining an individual, society and nation. Without one, the other would cease to exist as we know it. Simply by listening to the language, or even a dialect, a person speaks, one can often tell a lot about their cultural background. Generally speaking, the Californian accent shows that the person is most likely laid back and easy going, while the Southern drawl may depict a persons tendency to take things slowly. As it would be unlikely to find a member of the social elite speaking Ebonics (Black English), it would be safe to assume that the individual who speaks the dialect is from an urban environment, and is culturally aware of the urban scene. Just as Trueba had states, there is no division at which language ends and culture begins, as they continue in a cycle with one completing the other. In order to understand ourselves better, we must first understand our heritage, which is composed largely of language and culture. To find a definite distinction between the two would be impossible and would call for a change to language and culture as we presently know it.  https://www.hugedomains.com/domain_profile.cfm?d=tlsmarketinge=com

Impact of Significant Life Events

Impact of Significant Life Events The transitions imply all of us. The layer of rain of the amendment suppose a question of low level survival for millennia . Then the people evolved an exclusive methods for they get accustomed to changes and surprise . The normal changes can conquered by the education. The considerable change can prove our individuality and mesh left they go of completely supported values, hops. Sometime transition are showed under the diagram. after events of life keys show up to 10-20 period in our spam of life. The transition can be widely divided in two types. These types are, Awaited Transition An awaited transition can be defined as an expectation that the people who waits for the changes. Then they knew the changes that go to past as the childs, marriage or birthing etc Can be Unexpected ( transition ) it will happen with a knowledge. This one, humans dont know the changes that are going to happen. for example : Dismissal, death etc. There are some variables that the following of style of adaptation of the influence is: Culture Religion Social Fund Attitude Individual Behavior the transition more significant than different also, some changes or this Transition are acknowledgeable like at the Awaited if persons are extraordinary a little also the Unexpected Transition persons unconscious turning capably of facing the change. then a transition is more significant. Different responses made to significant life event and transition by individuals Answer 1.2 that the stages of life are the different step along which an individual should happen during all his process of life (more Difficult states 2009) it includes this one: the development or infancy the discovery or years adolescents the establishment or juvenile adulthood the continuation or average adulthood to push back or major Nevertheless, normally aptitude for an individual to cope with the events of life in truth related to the stages of the life of the person. Our individuality presents the approach in another direction. You look at latest most of the time as pessimistic or optimistic, dependent or independent, careful or adventurous, impassive or emotional, passive or aggressive, adept or lead agency; generally, these are the character of cholera congenital, Nevertheless other attribute example the emotion that one or low other / authority becomes visible to the study and in particular to challenge basis different and respect we enter to grow. According Erickson, culture has a tremendous influence in human behavior, it has developed and placed more accents in the outside world that wars and depression 1. Infancy (of the birth to 18 months) Result of development of ego: suspicion against confidence Principal force: wait and I walk 2. The early infancy (it begins Eighteen months to Three years) Effect of development of ego: shame against autonomy Principal force: it goes to, the courage and car control 3. The age of game (from three to five years) Result of development of ego: he blames against initiative Central force: target 1. The school age (from 6 to 12 years) Result of development of ego: inferiority against industry Principal forces: competition and method 2. The adolescence (from 12 to 18 years) Result of development of ego: confusion of role against identity Fundamental forces: loyalty and allegiance 3. The young adulthood (from 18 to 35 years) Result of development of ego: isolation, solidarity and intimacy Principal forces: love and affiliation 4. average adulthood: (from 35 to 65 years) Result of development of ego: me absorption or stagnation against generativamente Critical forces: it worry and production 5. Late adulthood: (from 65 years to death) Result of development of ego: desperation against integrity Essential forces: Knowledge The direction of a particularly difficult depends event the stages of our life. And when we have seen with the various stages of life Erickson, we can or to cope with an important event that the death of a member of our family that he will be joined for our standard of living which can be adapted or insufficient to help us to confront this dramatic event in the Pacific. The young man of 10 is lit more challenge to conquer the death of his father that they are compared by the adult of 57 which has a number of life experiences. Personality is organized and dynamic thu characteristics owned by an individual who determines only that it or its cognitions, the behaviors and the motivations in various situations. I. The Ego More difficult (2009) states that This is the structure of the personality that it treats with the demands of veracity or reality; it is called the executive power of the personality because a use of reasoning makes to take decisions . The II.st The superego It is the judge or the moral branch of the personality that it identifies or door to the spirit if something goes wrong or is correct, it is considered as our conscience. Personality changes of an individual to other because, in a sense, each person is not only and the personality that only simply means that people have different reactions, approaches when they meet the challenges in his life. Group responds to significant life events Williams (1999) explain this the change they are the ordinary series for which each one reacts to startle and to adapt, and to have to go during several stage to get accustomed completely to events keys in our work and person life, loss, damage, divorce or loss of work and new matters, the employment or the substitution radically change our life. The excellent events as well as the scare can destabilize our minds, need that we change drastically ours thoughtfully the world, This one takes more time that most of persons understands, often with a stage of the interior bottomless disaster approximately six months later, until we could stop they go of the past and settle completely to our new reality. These procedures influence every person, most of cultures, after principal events of life. These ten happen to twenty times in the life of the people of the majority. Of being understood and I support these events they can be decisive points and opportunity. Or they can go forward to the severe error of judgment, sadness, breakdown, broken matters, career and sometimes suicide. When we have an individual disaster, or we see others in one, in general we contemplate the immediate situation. If there is exterior sensitive factor these can begin a transition. And the additional enthusiasm, the incredulity, the denial, the suspense, the losing confidence, the confusion and the depression are the primary responses to the transition. The social support is A network of members of the family and friends who gives positive reactions. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Persons that give emotional support. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Honest clashes when you establish a style of life of the resumption. The framework consists of gifts of its success, the reminders you dedicate when and understanding when you are discouraged and injury. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The citizens of his life not that does not accept no excuse of you, but contributes to keep its foot and dedication to progress. . The importance of social support is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ applauded up to continue to sacrifice and the power to create the change. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Motivate to persist jobs in the change. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Support and estimated nostalgia when you are the experience a plateau that they imply the small visible change. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Believe that the difficulties on you and the hard work that you create. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ This will be chase costs means in which you can change its style of life à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ more difficult and longer Work in his work or efforts to be improved. Them  · they turn in more affected and interested into his progress and development. Them  · they become more careful in his efforts to change. More sensitive fact on the time and effort had to do the essential change of his life. Answer 14 Mckibbin and (2008) the state tension, such as the response of entrant to a human being has by force shall exercise, in extreme or the other type of require placed on them. Many things in the work can lead to the tension, and the individual will find some things more stressful that different. The Walsh (2005) stipulates that the concept of the tension popularly has to do with the feeling  » under the pressure , unable to cope with the requirements of the situation. Financial commitments and problems Poor-quality living condition Personal relationship Health problems Excessive work roles/long hours Lack of sleep Lack of rest and relaxation Sources of Stress Prejudice, discrimination and hostility from others The Asbridge and To (2008) it describes that small quantity of the tension can be well for us, but tension of some times increases and get in the way with our health. When someone under tension bodies produces a hormone called the adrenaline. The sudden liberation of the adrenaline in the bloodstream causes several effects in the short term, even a beat of rapid, more rapid heart respiration, dry mouth, wide open eyes, sweaty hands, the need to go to the services and a pale face. These signs of the tension do not last a lot of time when they need the energy. If a stressful situation does not improve, then the person can fall ill. The tension impact in each one especially worries the following of workpeople the potential impact is in workpeople of care Denial Rage Social Retreat Anxiety Depression Insomnia Irritability Depletion Lack of concentration Problems of Health To reduce the tension it is necessary to conquer the things that caused the tension, which is not always easy. Below they are some ways of relieving the tension:  · Change the situation to remove the thing this causing the tension. formation of direction of Time might help to avoid the tension caused by the lack of the time. Emotional expression speaks of or notes down feelings, putting the positive aspect in a list and denials. Assertive formation can go to the source of the problem. skills of Relaxation as therapy of watering, massage, hipnoterapia. Exercise. Medicines prescribidas for GP Therapy to help to organize thoughts to look at a situation differently. game of Role they calculate strategies of adapting themselves practising them first. Others social networks may provide support to individuals experiencing Answer 2.2 According Kubler (1969) there are five fundamental stages in cases of death are denial, anger, the negotiation, depression and finally acceptance. Diagram below describe the time Source: http://www.armchairadvice.co.uk/bereavement/emotional/responses.asp Denial Kubler (1969) states that Denial is a aware or unaware rejection to agree to evidence, truth, and many more, relate to the scenario concerned, Its a resistance mechanism and completely usual, Some people can become locked in this period when dealing with a shocking change that can be ignored, Death of course is not particularly easy to avoid or avoid indefinitely. Anger He further describes that Anger can manifest in different ways People dealing with emotional upset can be angry with themselves, and/or with others, particularly those close to them, knowing this helps keep detached and non-judgemental when experiencing the anger of someone who is very upset. Negotiation Kubler (1969), provides that the tradition of stage negotiator for the people face death can lead to the try to negotiate with any God in whom the individual believes, people turn a volume of the serious minor trauma that it can negotiate or look to place a negotiation, the negotiation rarely that it provides a sustainable exit, mainly if it is a matter of life or death. Depression It is mentioned as preparatory affliction. In a sense it is the process of clothing or the formation led to the consequence although this stage means different things according to which this implies, is a kind of acceptance of the touch accessory. It is usual to feel the sorrow and sadness, fear, suspense, etc. : This shows that the person began to accept at least the reality. Acceptance Kubler (1969) define this stage truly they change according to the state of the person, although largely this is a sign that there is some touching separation and objectivity, the agonizing People can enter this stage a lot of time before the people that they stop, the one who must happen essentially for her own individual stage of deals with the sorrow . The loss is the Unexpected transition normally like a human being for which each one spends this one she organizes the time it will change to the person to the person that one day confronting the loss they need the social support of that time they can come to the normal life. Answer 2.3 External sources of support General Practitioner The people faced the transition some time that he is depressed in this case, they can go to its GP and go to them on the problem you face and GP prescribe anti depressants. The doctor is its first person to consult. The adviser is Adviser the person when you go and to go to someone who has been formed to be a good auditor and help to the conversation of the population on his problem. The adviser can be capable to help him to understand his feelings and thoughts better. Me they help groups where a group of people that they have all transferred to a transition or depression is together to speak and to support another. This can help to feel less when you find another people which has the same classes of feelings as you and also it can show him the means that they have adapted itself. The discovery that you can help and support can help another people to feel better. Psychiatric Disorders specialist that it is the person who deals with serious depressed that he continues during many time. Then it will listen to his problem and will the treatment. Psychiatric Nurse he / she is the people who is his house regularly and conversation with you on the progress and registers all. Answers 3.1 It is the aim of the company to ensure that no present or future employee or applicant for employment receives less favourable treatment on the grounds of sex,marital status ,disability ,races colour, nationality (including citizenship ) or ethnic be shown to be justifiable. the elimination of any discrimination in employment the promotion of equality of opportunity an also guidance on the steps that need to be taken to ensure that employment practice remain within the law The policy will be implemented ti accordance with appropriate statuary requirement of The equal pay Act 1970 The equal (Amendment) Regulations 1983 The sex discrimination Act 1974 The race relations Act 1976 Recommendation for improving the support available in the organisation for individuals and their social networks significant life event Answer 03, 3 Communication is about the way people reach out to one another. It is an essential part of all relationships, and the ability to communication well with service users, colleagues and other is to basic requirement for doing your job. An also its not just talking-we uses touch, facial experience and body movements when we ploughs communicating with people personally, and there plough many means of written and electronic communication in todays society. It is important that we reads to communicate well even where there plough differences in individuals abilities and methods of communication; you will also need to be able to communication effectively on complex and sensitive issues. Recording information is important and serves much valuable purpose. Record We need to understand the significant of what our and how it is record. Ex-, 1 How to identify the support individuals need 2 Overcoming difficulties in communication 3 How to find out about likely communication problems 4 Communication differences 5 Listening effectively You differ from communication and Actions for this (efficacy of contribution of personnel with experience) 01) Different language 1 Smile 2 they have a friendly expression 3 gestures of Use 4 pictures of Use 5 heat of spectacle and stimulus repeat his words with a smile to verify the understanding 02) Hearing of damage 1) To speak clearly, listen carefully, and answer to what is said to him 2) To remove any distraction and other noises 3) To make sure that any resource to the hearing works 4) Mail of use where assigned 5) Singing of use where assigned. 03) For contribution of Personnel of physical disability 1 They make sure that the surroundings are adapted and accessible 2 they bear in different mind with the production of voice if it is necessary 3 they do not frequent 4 they remember that any corporal language cannot be appropriate 04) For contribution of Personnel Learning disability 1) to judge the appropriate level of the understanding 2) our to answer in the right level 3) To remain patient and to be ready to keep on covering the same ground 4) To be ready to wait and to listen carefully to the response 05) Visual damage 1) to use the touch of being assigned to communicate the worry, the compassion and the interest 2) to use the tone of voice rather that expressions to communicate the humor and the response 3) The contract of an insurance that all the visual communication is transferred in something that can be heard, tape or someone reading

Advertising Creativity And Communications Marketing Essay

Advertising Creativity And Communications Marketing Essay This essay will first identify the advertising benefits for the company and why companies do advertising with regard to some credible authors of marketing books. Secondly, it will investigate the strong models based on persuasion theory with the help of different examples from UK advertising market. Next, it will examine the ATRN model of Ehrenberg based on reinforcement. Finally, this essay will present a view that the companies are using different strong and weak models to attract the audience to buy their products. In this modern era of technology many companies using tool of advertising to aware the customers about the features of their products and services. The advertising is a form of creating and sending a message to certain targeted population and hoping for their reaction towards your product. Historically the producers developed a product and then advertise it to find the market for the product but in todays world the product is specially design with the customer interest (Wells et al, 2006). In the recent past, the marketing concept has increased dramatically. The companies are started putting huge amount of budgets into advertising to produce high profits for their organization. The advertising particularly helps to create awareness because people do not buy those products they have never heard of them before. The advertising is very important for new products to launch them into segmented market. The relationship between the customer and the company need to be build up by the help of effective advertising (Farbey, 2002). Globalization made the companies to expand their businesses into other markets around them. This fact has increased the competition among the competitors. In this competitive world, it is made compulsory for the company to advertise and protect themselves from the primary competition (Wells et al, 2006). Advertising is only as strong as the product and service because you can only sell poor product at once time but to sell it for twice you have to speak truth with your customers. The effective campaigns are making customers more loyal to the company. Advertising can be a strong or weak force for the company (Farbey, 2002). The Strong theory and models are based on persuasion and on the other hand the weak theory is based on reinforcement. Persuasion is a process which includes changing of attitudes and manipulated the thoughts of customers to change their believes and habits (Health, 2007). There are two types of persuasion, Rational and Emotional persuasion. Rational persuasion is about explaining the benefits, advantages, likeness and different incentives where as emotional persuasion has the same features but it can create a strong relationship and make brand most successful. When the result come to calculate the efficiency of them then its very hard to evaluate the effectiveness of emotional as compare to rational persuasion (Health, 2006). The strong school of advertising really focuses on the effectiveness of advertising. The effective advertising helps the company to grow its sales very rapidly. Short term advertising campaign is more effective then the long term. The most important feature of short term advertising is that it tells the company to go with the campaign in long run or to leave it because it will not have a further effect on the sales (Jones, 2003). Not every campaign has an effective outcome on its sales. About 70% of all the campaign raises the sales immediately and on the other hand 46% of long term campaigns have a direct impact on the sales (Jones, 1998). Strong school of advertising models include AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action), DAGMAR (Unawareness, awareness, Comprehension, Conviction, Action), Hierarchy of effects (Awareness, Knowledge, Liking, Preference, Conviction, Purchase) and Elaboration Likelihood Model. The AIDA model was designed by St. Elmo Lewis (1898) and Strong (1925). This model used especially for the personal dealing but later on it was adopted as a communication process between the company and its customers (Yeshin, 2006). It consists of four steps Attention, Interest, Desire and Action. Its very important for the company to get the attention of the customer so that the other three steps should be taken by the customer. The main issue for the company is to know its own benefits and then tell the customers with different attractive words or phrases to get their attention (Johnston, 2009). Attention can built the interest and make desire for the product. By giving more and more true information of the product the interest can be generated (Brewer, 2010). The desire only be created by showing the actual picture to the customer and make him or her desire for the product. The product features can make the man go mad for the product and indulge in the step of taking quick action (Johnston, 2009). There are many adverts these days for the customers to get their attention towards the product. Apple is a very famous company in making electronic products such as Iphones, Ipods, Macbooks and now the Ipads. The Ipad is specially made for the customers to access their emails, watch videos, downloads pictures and listen to songs. Before launching Ipad the company really wanted to grab the attention of their customers. They used their website to attract the customers for example; if anyone opens the web page then he gets a welcoming message of the new product of Apple. The picture of Ipad is shown below which was advertised on www.apple.com (Lazaris, 2010). C:Usersfazal ranaDesktopipad.jpg Source: APPLE WEBSITE (2010) Figure 1: IPAD IMAGES This is a very good example of how picture can get customers attention. This sort of pictures can create an interest for the customers. Apple gave the enough knowledge on their website to create certain interest for the customers. Java script switchers and image sliders are very famous nowadays. The image shows that you can access the email and the save pictures at a same time. Considering the example of the Ipad, the aesthetics and accessibility feature of the product should not only be provided to induce the desire of attainability but also to facilities the user and to give an even better maneuverability of the device for a comfortable and more passionate experience (Lazaris, 2010). The campaign ran very well through web page and indulges the customers to take action and buy the Ipad. Hierarchical model only deals with the individual response and the effect resulted by the advertisement (East, 2003). The advertising process model was developed by Robert Lavidge and Gary Steiner in 1961 that has some points difference from AIDA model. The main implication of this model is that, if any one of all stages missed out then the desire outcome will not be achieved. The first stage is to get aware the customer about the product by the help of advertising. Secondly, he or she should provide with all the information about the product so that the process of likeness can be built on its own. The following step is to create preference of the product among the other product with same qualities. The next step is conviction which includes making decision to purchase the advertised product. If all of the steps are effectively put in by the company or the advertising agency then its not difficult to make customer buy for the product (Yeshin, 2006). As can be seen from an old advert of Ariel (YouTube, 2008) which delivered an idea of Lavidge and Steiner model, this advert gives a good example of Hierarchy of effect model. By emphasizing on the problem of stain clothes the company creates awareness and gives us the problem of removing these stains which is not possible to be done by other ordinary liquids. By performing a simple experiment of comparing Ariel liquid by other liquids the company has induced a liking effect among the audience. The better results of the product would generate a preference among people whereas convincing them that if this product is selected and used it would give out better results than other product which are already available in the market. By using such a method the company leaves the audience with an inclined desire to purchase the product and try it at least for once which resulted in a number of sales for the product. In early 1960s, Russell Colley developed a model with the name of DAGMAR (Colleys hierarchy of effects) model. This model aimed to quantify the process of communication (Yeshin, 2006). The stages of this model are Unawareness, Awareness, Comprehension, Conviction and Action. This model emphasized a lot on creating higher number of sales by the help of awareness. The customer must be aware of the product and the company. He must have the comprehension or knowledge that what the product is about and how the product can help him (Joyce, 1998 in Jones, 1998). Thirdly, convincing the customer by telling him benefits of the product. Lastly, for the action you have to depend on the customer. However, your previous actions will have a major role to play (George, 2006). This model is mainly use to define advertising goals and measure the effectiveness of the campaign. Effective advertising can take the audience down to the way of awareness, comprehension and conviction to take the final actio n (East, 2003). Indian premier league (IPL) is becoming very famous these days among all the ages who love to watch cricket. These days the third season of IPL cricket is going on. IPL has recently signed a contract with ITV for live broadcasting of every match especially for UK fans. To get aware the people the ITV is advertising on TV and Internet. Recently, on 11 March 2010 ITV king cricket website showed an advert about the watching the matches of IPL on terrestrial TV without paying any money. The targeted audience is students who can watch matches in the afternoon by sitting at their homes. As ITV is a famous channel for UK audience so there is not much need for the comprehension about the channel. The conviction has done by telling the major benefit of watching the match without paying (King Cricket, 2010). The Elaboration Likelihood Model was developed in 1980 by Richard E Petty and John T Cacioppo. This model addresses the interest of the individuals and changing habits of individuals behavior. The company tries to develop the positive behavior of the individual customers towards their offerings. There are two routes in this model of persuasion. The first route is the central processing route which provides the information with high level of motivation and the customer can asses to the core features of the persuasive message. This stage helps very much in making the effective decision. The other route is peripheral route which is about giving different cues to the customer and can involve personal selling as well. The outcome of attitudes forming with this method is less effective as compare to the first one (Eckert and Goldsby, 1997). Infomercials are the best example of giving information to the customer through central processing route. As can be seen from wearable towel infomercial (YouTube, 2009), the information about the product has been given to the audience to know about the product for example, how easily you can wear it as compare to the other towels which are already available in the market. Secondly, the advert provides the advantages of wearing the towel and different ways of wearing it. The individuals do not have much time in watching the whole infomercial so its better for the company to use peripheral route for the advertising. The weak theory is based on the reinforcement or repurchases habit of customer. The ATR model was proposed in 1974 by Ehrenberg which includes Awareness, Trail and Reinforcement (Hoek et al, 2000). Ehrenberg rejected the persuasion models and argues that the step of taking action in persuasion model is not supported by the empirical evidence (Yeshin, 2006). This model actually tells about the reinforcement in the customer current behavior patterns. The empirical generalization describes as the relationship between the consumer perception and beliefs about the brands and their behavior with respect to those brands (Hoek et al, 2000). In 1997 the model was refined by Barnard and Ehrenberg and they put another step of nudge after the reinforcement (Hoek et al, 2000). The first step of ATRN model is about Awareness of the product. The awareness can be done by different forms of advertising for example promotions, media adverts, word of mouth, direct marketing and so on. For the brand whi ch is already available in the market to buy, the customer already has the knowledge of the product and its specifications. For the new products awareness is very important so that the customer should know about the product. After the awareness the customer straight make a decision of buying the product and get him in the stage of trail (Yeshin, 2006). The ATR model specially focuses on the long term relationship of the customer with the company and the customer can only buy the product if he has believe in the product or if he tried it before. The managers are very willing to use ATR model these days to make the use of behavioral goals and to create a long term relationship (Hoek and Janet, 1999). The adverts are mostly for those people who already have the product. Majority of the people use to see and concentrate on the adverts of those brands which they are using or used it before in their lives. In new markets, the image of product and awareness has to be built but on the other hand in mature markets the adverts are mainly use to retain the customers. The customers do not have any interest in changing their brands and they are willing to stuck themselves to limited brands(East,2003). C:Usersfazal ranaDesktopTradeAdverts_kit kat caramel.jpg Source: GOOGLE Images (2010) Figure 2: KitKat Adverts This advert is especially for those customers who have already tried different flavors of KitKat. The advert is actually for the new flavor of Chunky Caramel KitKat. The packaging is a designed to aware the customer so that he can answer himself what taste is going to de inside? The company spent around 7 million pounds on the advertising campaign (Frewin, 2009). Kitkat is announced as a bestselling chocolate bar of year 2009. The reinforcement to buy the product made the huge profit for the company. The sales have risen to 13% of the last year (Laycoak, 2010). Scholten (1996) has stated that the traditional models of hierarchy of effect paradigm have two major issues to criticize. Firstly, it cannot research about the market situation to deliver their message. Secondly, the campaign is run to a specific group of people which are targeted. The ATR model focuses on the behavior, brand awareness, trial purchase and repurchase if the customer is satisfied and willing to buy it again. On the other hand, traditional models do emphasize on the effectiveness of advertising by getting a regular response up to a particular stage in hierarchy (Scholten, 1996). This essay has explored the difference between strong theory and weak theory with the help of different example which has taken from the UK advertising market. It has been found that the use of strong theory based on persuasion can really help the company to grow its business globally by giving information about their organization and the product. The communication process by persuasion is specially for those companies which are diverting the business line to the different countries and those who are new in different businesses so that they can aware the audience. The communication through ELM model can be very expensive for low budget advertising campaigns but on the other hand it can be very effective for big marketers to give maximum information to the individuals or give some cues by hiring celebrities. Furthermore, the ATR model can be helpful for those companies which are willing to advertise in the same market where they are performing their current businesses. However, the co mpany should have some competitive advantages for new market openings which really help them to get successful in the stage of trail. The brands which are already well known or people are very much aware to them such as, Coca Cola, Pepsi etc usually use ATR model to reinforce the customer to buy the product again and again. REFRENCES Apple Official Wesbite (2010) Ipad images [Online] Available at: http://www.apple.com/uk/ [Accessed: 26 march, 2010] Brewer, D. (2010) What is AIDA in small business marketing [Online] Available at: http://office-software.suite101.com/article.cfm/what_is_aida_in_small_business_marketing [Accessed: 27 march, 2010] East, R. (2003) The effect of advertising and display New York: Kluwer [Online] Available at:http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=iRlpSnMqcICpg=PA52lpg=PA52dq=atr+advertising+model+examplessource=blots=A2ja_RzYJsig=py6c51flzLa2TCLyDzpwA4K52y8hl=enei=ag2vS5zuEpGI0wS2kMn3DQsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=4ved=0CBoQ6AEwAw#v=onepageq=f=false [Accessed: 21 march,2010] Eckert, J Goldsby, T. (1997) Using the Elaboration likelihood model to guide customer service based segmentation [Online] Available at: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/ViewContentServlet?Filename=Published/EmeraldFullTextArticle/Articles/0050270905.html [Accessed: 20 march, 2010] Farbey, A.D. (2002) How to produce successful advertising. 3rd edn. London: Kogan Page ltd. Frewin, A. (2009) Trade launch for KitKat Chunky Caramel by Nestle [Online] Available at: http://www.caterersearch.com/Articles/2009/09/25/330095/Trade-launch-for-Kit-Kat-Chunky-Caramel-by-Nestl.htm [Accessed: 28 march, 2010] George, K. (2006) Models for an advertising agency [Online] Available at: http://www.articlesbase.com/multimedia-articles/aida-and-dagmar-models-for-an-advertising-agency-35178.html [Accessed: 23 march, 2010] Google Images (2010) KitKat adverts UK [Online] Available at: http://images.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.asiantrader.biz/TradeAdverts%255Ckit%2520kat%2520caramel.jpgimgrefurl=http://afoxiesmile.livejournal.com/usg=__SiB8tU7OEcEDAkhKltkiNW088SE=h=1169w=827sz=395hl=enstart=3um=1itbs=1tbnid=-0Ld_72uKkWwVM:tbnh=150tbnw=106prev=/images%3Fq%3Dkit%2Bkat%2Bold%2Badverts%2Buk%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26tbs%3Disch:1 [Accessed: 28 march, 2010] Health, R. (2006) Emotional Persuasion pp.47-8 [Online] Available at: http://www.adliterate.com/archives/RobertHeathJuly06Admap[1].pdf [Accessed 20th march, 2010] Health, R. (2007) Emotional persuasion in advertising. Research Report. Bath: School of Management [Online] Available at: http://www.bath.ac.uk/management/research/pdf/2007-07.pdf [Accessed: 16 march, 2010] Hoek, J., Dunnett, J., Wright, M., Gendall, P. (2000) Descriptive and evaluative attributes: What relevance to marketers? [Online] Available at: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/ViewContentServlet?Filename=Published/EmeraldFullTextArticle/Articles/0960090604.html [Accessed: 18 march,2010] Jones, J.P. (1998) How Advertising Works. New York: SAGE [Online] Available at: http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=enlr=id=VLhLSg6GyACoi=fndpg=PA1dq=J.P.+Jones+advertising+strong+theoryots=guEnVOPivPsig=8Daj0uBmHvaImqGmPksDb_jfIyY#v=onepageq=f=false [Accessed: 17th march, 2010] Jones, J.P Slater, J.S. (2003) Whats in a name?: Advertising and concept of branding. 2nd end. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe. Johnston, R. (2009) The AIDA marketing model [Online] Available at: http://www.articlesbase.com/printing-articles/the-aida-marketing-model-825021.html [Accessed: 25 march, 2010] Joyce, T. (1998) The Advertising Process. In Jones. P (Eds) (1998) How Advertising Works. New York: SAGE [Online] Available at: http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=enlr=id=VLh-LSg6GyACoi=fndpg=PA1dq=J.P.+Jones+advertising+strong+theoryots=guEnVOPivPsig=8Daj0uBmHvaImqGmPksDb_jfIyY#v=onepageq=f=false [Accessed: 15th march, 2010] Laycock, M. (2010) Fairtrade KitKat goes on sale across Britain [Online] Available at: http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/4869073.Fairtrade_KitKat_goes_on_sale_across_Britain/# [Accessed: 27 march, 2010] Lazaris, L. (2010) The AIDA model in web design [Online] Available at: http://www.noupe.com/design/the-aida-marketing-model-in-web-design.html [Accessed: 25 march, 2010] Scholten, M. (1996) Lost and found: the information processing model of advertising effectiveness. pp. 97-104 [Online] Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6V7S-3VV44BC-B_user=10_coverDate=10/31/1996_rdoc=1_fmt=high_orig=search_sort=d_docanchor=view=c_searchStrId=1271700460_rerunOrigin=google_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=e8bacad0d90ce77cfb832a2aa4379b02 [Accessed: 23 march,2010] Wells,W., Moriarty, S., Burnett, J. (2006) Advertising. 7th edn. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Yeshin, T. (2006). Advertising. 1st edn. London: Thomson learning. You Tube (2008) Ariel washing powder 1980 advert. Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJ2eSKRR6Uo [Accessed: 26 march, 2010] YouTube (2009) Wearable towel infomercial. Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WjdyjL0dbG8 [Accessed: 26 march, 2010]

I am an American Indian :: Personal Narrative

I am an American Indian My life has been put before me like a movie; the script unfolds and guides me through every stage, each act. I was born into an Indian world. From the beginning, I shared with my family, my mother’s family. My father had left my mother, who is 5/8 California Indian, soon after I was born. I grew up without a real father, and only recently have I realized how much I hate that fact. I was born in the hallway of a hospital in the Bay Area. Even then it seems that I wanted to do things my way. It was the beginning of my strangely unique life. Many of the things that have happened to me sound like a story from the mind of a lunatic. I remember the best times were spent with my sister and my mother when I was around four or five and we lived in Truckee. Bridgette was doing cartwheels on the lawn and she got bee-stings on her hands and feet. Dad was gone by then and we lived in Village Green in the trailer. One morning mom told us that Indians never went out looking for eggs and that Easter is really supposed to be about this guy named Jesus—he died, or was born, or came back to life or something important like that on that day a long time ago. We colored eggs anyway for fun. I was very talkative and strong headed—friends with everyone. Old Gladys and Ernie lived next door to my grandparents, just down the street from us in Village Green. I would catch Ernie when he came home from working in the woods with my grandpa and I would see if he saved me any goodies from his lunch. I would eat anything. He usually saved me something sweet; maybe Gladys knew and put it in his black metal lunch box just for me. Those are secrets that I will never know. They passed away with Gladys a few years ago, probably earlier since she had developed Alzheimer’s disease. The old folks—they sometimes take it with them. The trailer park was not near a reservation; Washos never got a recognized land base when they were pushed out of their homeland.

C. Vann Woodwards The Strange Career Of Jim Crow Essay examples -- Ci

C. Vann Woodward's The Strange Career Of Jim Crow C. Vann Woodward illuminates one of the â€Å"ugliest† aspects of American societal history in his book The Strange Career of Jim Crow. His book is an overview of the development of the Jim Crow system, a set of racist laws put in place around the turn of the nineteenth century. Interestingly his book tracks the evolution of racism throughout American history. He not only shows where and when racism is developing but the different ways that the racism manifested itself in the North and South. C. Vann Woodward published the first edition of his book in 1955, while the racial atmosphere was in a tumultuous state. Black Americans at the time were still suffering from the effects of the Supreme Court Decision Plessy vs. Ferguson from 1896, the â€Å"separate but equal† distinction of the law. His book is published in the heat of these debates and racial struggle, posing the question how complete his book could be. He then republishes the book three more times, his second revised edition was published in 1966, his third in 1974, and the last in 2001. The book is based on lectures which he delivered at the University of Virginia in 1954. With every revision, he includes more evidence for arguments and responds to literary criticism. With the Civil Rights Movement raging around him, Woodward sought to explain the way the environment had come to be the way it was. In 1955 the Montgomery bus boycott was occurring as Woodward’s book was being published. With his first edition of the book, some of the most notable events of the civil rights movement had not yet occurred, Rosa Parks had not refused to give up her seat on the bus, the desegregation of schools was just beginning, and Martin ... ...at they could and they dealt with what they couldn't. The most interesting thing that Woodward does in his book is that he keeps perspective and he makes sure that he includes as much up to date information as possible. He is careful to keep his own personal opinions in perspective and bases most of the book on research. C. Vann Woodward himself comes from a background where he has dealt with much of what he writes about and he does not let his prior experiences interfere with his work. While he responds to the criticisms of his work he does not attack people he addresses the ideas. He uses many reliable sources from historical documents to his contemporaries. He gives both sides to every argument and point that he makes and he is very thorough. While he does not keep his opinions completely out of the book he includes his opposition and their opinions as well.

Mitch Alboms Tuesdays with Morrie :: Essays Papers

My Tuesdays with Morrie Mitch Albom, author of Tuesdays with Morrie, is flipping through his TV stations one night and he heard these words come from his TV set- â€Å"Who is Morrie Schwartz?†- And Mitch went numb. Mitch found out through the TV show â€Å"Nightline† that his life long friend and teacher is dying and Mitch knows that he has to go and see him. Mitch goes to see his old college professor and what starts out as a one-day meeting turns into a four-month â€Å"class†. The class is conducted in Morrie’s house in the suburb or Boston, there is no books or any other students, just Mitch and Morrie. Throughout this class Morrie teaches Mitch the lessons of life; lessons such as death, fear, aging, greed, marriage, family, society, forgiveness, and a meaningful life. As Morrie’s conditions worsen, Mitch’s condition is getting better, Mitch is becoming a better person with the help of Morrie. Finally Morrie’s life comes to an end, and Mitch graduates from Life 101. â€Å"I felt the seeds of death inside his shriveling frame, and as I laid him in his chair, adjusting his head on the pillow, I had the coldest realization that our time was running out.† (Pg. 59) That is what Mitch, a journal writer for the Detroit Free Press, said as he lifted his old college teacher from his wheelchair to his recliner. His old college teacher is Morrie Schwartz, a man that is dying from ALS otherwise known as Lou Gehrig disease. As the book goes on, Morrie reaches out to people who want to talk and he teaches them about the real lessons of life, while he is lying on his deathbed. Tuesdays With Morrie is an excellent book because Morrie teaches Mitch lessons about marriage, greed, and family that young adults can learn from. â€Å"Love each other or perish†. This quote sums up all of Morrie’s views and beliefs on the topic of marriage and love. This statement says a lot and I feel that young adults can learn a very big lesson from this short quote. Love and marriage are very important because we all need someone to love and to love back, if we don’t we are going to live a very lonely and unhappy life. There is a set of â€Å"rules† that Morrie stated in this book that I feel young adults could learn a lot from.

Well written article

The article ;s written by Status Manuals Abdullah Kasbah. The article presents the factors of gangsters in worldwide. The article is well-written article because the writer use facts In Its article, the arguments are supported by strong and systematic evidences and the references used are relevant and current. First, it is a well-written article because the article provides factual information.Paragraph 3 show It when the article provide that The Imprint Period up to the age of even, we are like sponge, absorbing everything around us and accepting much of it as true. This statement is a fact. Next, the article says The Modeling Period between the ages of eight and thirteen, we copy people, often from our parents, but also other people. The Solicitation Period between 13 and 21, we are largely Influenced by our peers. The statement provided by the article are all facts because all of children faced it and it cannot be deniable.Secondly, the article Is well-written article because the arguments In this article are supported by strong and systematic evidences. This Is shown in Paragraph 5 which It stated that on average, a typical Canadian child will watch about 22 hours of television per week and this adds up to more time spent watching television that time spent at school, playing sports or communicating with family and friends. Next, the article stated that In America, gangs formed before War of Independence.In Paragraph 6, it stated that it has been recently estimated that there are more than 24,500 gangs and over 772,500 gangs members in the U. S. The general age rang of youth gang members is between the age of 14-24. The article also provided that the rent study analyzes the relationship between gang membership and socio- demographic characteristics, neighborhood disorientation theory, social bond theory, social train theory, differential association theory, and self-control theory in order to provide insight Into the etiology of gang membership.Lastly. The article is a well-written article because the references used are relevant and current. As example, in Paragraph 5, it refers to Miller (1992) which defines a street gang as â€Å"a self-formed association of peers, united by mutual interests, with Identifiable leadership and internal organization, who act collectively or as Individuals to achieve specific purposes, Including the conduct of Illegal activity and control of a particular territory, facility or enterprise.Then, it refers to gang violence which refers to mostly those illegal and non-political acts of violence perpetrated by gangs against innocent people, property, or other gang violence at some point In Its history-Hispanics and African Americans are more likely than other ethnic groups to be gang members refers from Speller, 1990. Male gang members engage in more crime than their counterpart female gang members (Messier, 1985). Gang socially depressed Moonstone, 1983).Jackson's (1990) also noted that youth may Join a g ang for material reasons, recreation, a hide out or avoid legal problem, physical protection, and to gain autonomy from authority figures . In conclusion, the article is well-written article because the writer use facts in its article, the arguments are supported by strong and systematic evidences and the references used are relevant and current. The criteria of the article is mostly well- written without assumption without proof, and another characteristics that avoid the article from a poor-written article

Cypop 7 Essay

CYPOP 7 – Promote creativity and creative learning in young children 1.1 – Analyse the differences between creative learning and creativity Creative learning is about how children are actively involved in their own learning and their ability to make choices and decisions. This can be achieved by providing a creative environment, allowing exploration through play and praising the child’s creative efforts. Creative learning is about helping children develop imaginative thinking through exploration of materials, objects and problem solving skills like ICT. It is also about giving children opportunities to make connections between different areas and to relate to them. Some creative learning activities may be goal orientated like the goal is to make any painting they like, but the child will also be exploring the different colours given to them; to paint like colours can be mixed to make another colour. This activity will also help the child in other areas of learning too. Creative learning is about children using their mind to solve problems. Creativity is about risk taking and making connections, allowing children to explore and express themselves through a variety of media and materials. Like through dance, music, making things and drawing. A child being creative is linked to play and can develop through a child being engaged in their own actions and ideas. Creativity consists of traditional arts and the development of imagination and imaginative play, like role play and small world play. Creativity is about exploring emotions and expressions; also is about enjoying creativity and learning from the process. Creativity links to creative development areas of the learning from the EYFS. 1.2 – Explain current theoretical approaches to creativity and creative learning in early childhood There are many theoretical approaches to creativity and creative learning these are nature verses nurture this could mean that people are born with it or they learn it from life or other people. Some people believe that children will learn from watching other people this is called role modelling. Many may believe that creativity is a progress, this means that creativity will follow a pattern to make it happen, this will also help to build upon skills that will occur. Nature versus nurture is a debate in the area of psychology. In terms of children’s  creativity, some think children are born naturally creative, for example having a gift for music or having a creative personality. This is known as the â€Å"nature† theory. Others believe creativity is something that can be taught. This is known as the â€Å"nurture† theory. The cultural approach means that every child will be creative so many things will affect this. As practitioners you have to give the child the right environment that will help children to explore and be creative with how they want to be. Cognitive theories is when children make relations between different things, this theory look at how the brain puts things together, lots of opportunities need to be provided for the child to develop knowledge in lots of different areas, and so that they can draw on their own views and experiences. Some theorists such as Robert Sternberg and Howard Gardener argue that being able to make new connections and to create a drawing from them is a type of intelligence. The ‘Creative Partnerships’ programme was set up in 2002 by the government in response to the influential report ‘all our futures’. They use the term ‘creative learning’ to try and sum up their education programme. They believe creative partnerships can help free the creativity of everyone involved by engaging them in fresh approaches to learning through partnership. They feel collaborative working has these key characteristics; †¢ Motivation for learning †¢ Bringing the curriculum to life †¢ Greater involvement in decision making †¢ New ways for learners to engage in a subject The Qualifications Curriculum Assessment (QCA: Creativity, Find It and Promote It 2005), promotes creativity as an vital part of all national curriculum subjects and identifies characteristics of creative learning as; †¢ Questioning and challenging conventions and assumptions †¢ Making imaginative connections and associating things that aren’t usually related †¢ Visualizing what might be: imagining seeing things in mind’s eye †¢ Trying alternative and fresh approaches, keeping options open †¢ Reflecting critically on ideas, action and outcomes These characteristics and abilities have shown to lead to a sense of purpose, achievement of strengths, talents and interests, self-respect and a sense of belonging. 1.3 – Critically analyse how creativity and creative learning can support young children’s emotional, social, intellectual, communication and physical development Creativity and creative learning can support children’s development in a number of ways. Emotionally they learn how to manage frustration if something is not going to plan and they feel happy and proud and a sense of achievement when something is completed by them. Socially children can build up self-confidence by working with others or alongside them; to make something to share with everyone and the child also makes new friends. Intellectually children learn about problem solving, numeracy and developing their reading and writing skills. Children’s capability to communicate with peers and adults develops through creative play as well as their overall speech and listening skills. Physically, creativity can help develop fine motor skills by children using materials such as crayons, paints and sticking. Participating in movement activities such as dance or drama (role play) also improves the child’s overall physical development. Like during a cooking activity children are learning many skills through this creative process, they may feel happy and excited about making their own food. They are sociable by working with adults to support them and cooking for their friends or family members. By following instructions either written or verbal and measuring quantities they are developing intellectually. Knowing when to ask for help and starting a conversation around what they are doing and using can help develop their communication skills especially listening and taking direction. Finally all the mixing, chopping, kneading and picking up small cut up pieces, help the child develop physically developing the fine motor skills, hand eye co-ordination and building hand and arm muscles. The EYFS ensures that creativity and critical thinking are developed through play- based learning across the curriculum, and that children learn in an environment encouraging exploration and active and playful learning. It reflects the viewpoint that play offers significant benefits for children’s cognitive, emotional, social and physical development and is central to creativity.

The Place You Most Loved to Spend Time as a Child.

? Topic: The place you most loved to spend time as a child. Ma Vio's Kitchen Today, nineteen years after the passing of my grandmother, her kitchen looks the same with its walls in the same pastel orange and green she had painted it in so many years ago. The floral patterns that were done by my cousins and I using ochoes that she had cut in half and potatoes which she carved flowers from to make stamps that we gleefully dipped in containers of paint and placed on the wall hap-hazardly to form various patterns. I remembered her being so delighted in the end product that I don't think there was a neighbour, friend or visitor that my grandmother didn't boast to about her beautiful kitchen wall hat was so artfully decorated by her clearly talented grand children. I look at those walls to day and sometimes laugh at what persons out side of her family may have thought of her walls of art that anyone could have see were decorated by children all under the age of eleven. Walls that have been laquered to preserve what Ma Vio, as she was lovingly called by everyone, considered a ‘masterpiece that not even the most renowned of painters could have done with such perfection'. My fondest memories however, are not of the many different art projects that Ma Vio encouraged us into doing on her huge kitchen table but of the aromas drifting out of that little haven off of her livingroom. I remembered how she used to have these large bottles filled with all different types of homemade treats lined off on top of the kitchen counter†¦.. ed mangoes, stewed tamarind, tulum, benee balls, sugar cake, fudge you name it Ma Vio made it. Boy! Don't even get me started on her bread bin that never seemed to run out of mouth watering cakes and pastries†¦. coconut tarts, lemon bread, drops, peanut butter cookies and my favourite banana bread. Mmmhmmm †¦. I can smell it all now†¦. fresh out of the oven. Her pound cake and whole grain bread were what m y brother used to call ‘the bestest in all of Trinidad and Tobago', you couldn't find a bakery for miles with anything that good. You ever had homemade bread where you felt as if you had anything at all with it you'd spoil the taste? That's how everyone felt about Ma Vio's bread. It's good when accompanied by a filling but it's best when eaten by itself. Ma Vio's Kitchen smelled like christmas morning almost everyday as she was always busy making or baking something. Her kitchen was my own little ‘snack heaven' where everything that came from there seemed to taste extra good. By Havilanna Davidson

“Dulce Et Decorum Est” by Wilfred Owen Essay

In the poem â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est†, by Wilfred Owen, Owen uses imagery and diction to convey the meaning of the poem. Throughout the poem, Owen paints visual pictures in the reader’s mind. His word choice also emphasizes what he is expressing in the poem. Diction and imagery are two literary devices that help the reader understand that they should feel sorrow and understand the intensity of war, the purpose of the poem. Owen puts a mental image in the reader’s mind, which is a picture of a war scene. The soldiers are trucking on â€Å"limped, blood shod† and through the treks. He is showing that the soldiers are injured and exhausted, which tells the reader they are at war. When Owen talks about the dream of the soldier plunging â€Å"at me, guttering, choking, drowning†, this paints a picture for the reader and sets a very intense mood because the soldier’s bad injury. Diction is used as well to convey the meaning of the poem. The soldiers are slouching on, â€Å"knock-kneed, coughing like hags, they cursed through sludge†. The reader wonders what is going on and sets the feeling of sorrow and sick feeling the reader should feel when reading Owen’s poem. When Owen explained the scene of the injured as â€Å"obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud, of vile, incurable sores of innocent tongues.† This makes the reader feel sorrow for the innocent soldiers and shows the awfulness of the war scene. Wilfred Owen, used word choice and mental pictures to set the mood for Dulce Et Decorum Est. Diction and imagery are two literary devices that can put purpose into words. As for Owen’s poem, the purpose was to make the reader understand the seriousness of war and sorrow for the soldiers.

Climate change and adaptation and mitigation Essay

Climate change and adaptation and mitigation - Essay Example s of carbon dioxide have increased from a pre- industrial value of 278 to 385 parts per million in 2008, and the average global temperatures rose by 0.74 degree Celsius. In line with scientists, this is the fastest and largest warming trend they have been able to distinguish in history. With the increase in temperatures, the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change shows that the rate of recurrence of severe events such as those of heat values, drought and heavy rainfall will increase, negatively affecting agriculture, forests, bio diversity, water resources, industry, human health and settlements. Higher temperatures are predicted to raise sea level (Karling, 2001). This will be an outcome of thermal expansion of oceans and melting of mountain glaciers and ice caps together with portions of green land and Antarctic ice sheets (Hardy, 2003). In addition, amplified concentration of atmosphere carbon dioxide is causing oceans to become more acidic threatening viability of aquatic life. This concentration will not fully disperse for thousands of years. The need for action progressively grows more urgent. Basic hypothesis, climate model simulation and empirical evidence all approve that warmer climates, due to water vapor that increases result in more intense precipitation events even when the total annual precipitation reduces to some extent, and with predictions for even stronger events when the general precipitation amounts increase. The warmer climate thus increases risks of both drought and floods but at different places and times. For example, the summer of 2002 in Europe brought prevalent floods, however, later in 2003 heat waves and, drought followed which created a historic record. The distribution and programming of floods and droughts is most intensely affected by the sequence of El Nià ±o events, principally in the tropics and over considerable mid-latitudes of Pacific-rim countries (Hardy, 2003). Adaptation to climate change is a reaction

Do you believe Girl or Sabbat function as Little Red Riding Hood Essay

Do you believe Girl or Sabbat function as Little Red Riding Hood (LRRH) Rewrites Why or why not In your response, you may respond to only one text and you must compare it to a traditional version of LRRH - Essay Example In as much as â€Å"Sabbat† appears to be in the tale, â€Å"girl† is more dominant and serves as the Little Red Riding Hood (LRRH). In all versions of the tale, there are human relationships evidenced by the presence of people such as grandmother. Certainly, a â€Å"Sabbat† cannot have a grandmother unless in a fiction. Evidently, the girl had a grandmother and was anxious to learn various things. As a result, when given a Red Riding Hood by her grandmother she ends up wondering around in the forest. Certainly, the latter plays a more important role in shaping perception and understanding of the tale (Hillert 71). The original versions make the wolf a dangerous animal that eats the girl. Nevertheless, the following versions make it difficult for the story to end in the direction as she gets saved before the actual process. For instance, in one instance a saviour disguises as her father to initiate a safe retrieval from the dangerous situation. In other instances, the saviour appears as a hunter or woodcutter to rescue the Little Red Riding Hood. The moral ambiguity in all the stories appear to focused on a human experience. Variation in moral message among the different versions of Little Red Riding Hood represents different issues. Conceivably, the theme of not talking to strangers dominates the story that makes it easy for children to learn. Undoubtedly, many parents have been on the verge of teaching and educating their children not to talk to strangers. The educative book makes it easy for parents to educate children without going through hard lessons (Mays 46). Contrary to Perrault version that has additional text located at the end of every story, others leave the unintended version for readers to employ different measures. Interestingly, the human experience of the girl in the tale makes this possible. Without a consistent word layout, it is difficult to bring into light

Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency Research Paper

Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency - Research Paper Example However, the agency has a third directorate that is the Management and Administration. The Directorate roles are the issuance of professional mission support and management for the agency to meet its goals. The Enforcement and Removal Operations role is enforcing the United States immigration laws in an effective and fair manner. It, therefore, identifies and arrests removable aliens. Furthermore, they can either detain or remove the illegal immigrants in the country where necessary. The directorate’s priority is to apprehend, arrest, and remove convicted criminals that are deemed as a national security threat. They also deal with the border entrants, fugitives, and those seeking asylum in the United States. Homeland Security Investigations directorates role is to investigate the activities that arise due to illegal movement of good and people out, into, or within the United States. The activities to be investigated can either be international or domestic. Lastly, the Manageme nt and Administration Directorate is made of professional staff and managers whose role is to ensure that the agency meets it set goals. Â  The United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency are multi-faceted thus addressing several issues in a go. Its work is not limited to law enforcement of immigration issues. In explanation, the customs enforcement takes a significant share of the agency’s budget. The agency, therefore, does not deal only with immigration but also the customs services that include the entry at the ports, enforcement of the intellectual property, investigating of child pornography issues, and international suppression of gangs (U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement). The agency also plays other roles like eliminating human trafficking, conducting cargo inspection, returning the found stolen- antiquities, and interdicting weapons, drugs, bulk cash, and other smuggled substances. Â